askgit

README

askgit

askgit is a command-line tool for running SQL queries on git repositories. It's meant for ad-hoc querying of git repositories on disk through a common interface (SQL), as an alternative to patching together various shell commands. It can execute queries that look like:

-- how many commits have been authored by user@email.com?
SELECT count(*) FROM commits WHERE author_email = 'user@email.com'

You can try queries on public git repositories without installing anything at https://try.askgit.com/

More in-depth examples and documentation can be found below. Also checkout our newsletter to stay up to date with feature releases and interesting queries and use cases.

Installation

Homebrew

brew tap askgitdev/askgit
brew install askgit

Pre-Built Binaries

The latest releases should have pre-built binaries for Mac and Linux. You can download and add the askgit binary somewhere on your $PATH to use. libaskgit.so is also available to be loaded as a SQLite run-time extension.

Go

libgit2 is a build dependency (used via git2go) and must be available on your system for linking.

The following (long 😬) go install commands can be used to install a binary via the go toolchain.

On Mac:

CGO_CFLAGS=-DUSE_LIBSQLITE3 CGO_LDFLAGS=-Wl,-undefined,dynamic_lookup go install -tags="sqlite_vtable,vtable,sqlite_json1,static,system_libgit2" github.com/askgitdev/askgit@latest

On Linux:

CGO_CFLAGS=-DUSE_LIBSQLITE3 CGO_LDFLAGS=-Wl,--unresolved-symbols=ignore-in-object-files go install -tags="sqlite_vtable,vtable,sqlite_json1,static,system_libgit2" github.com/askgitdev/askgit@latest

See the Makefile for more context. Checking out this repository and running make in the root will produce two files in the .build directory:

1. askgit - the CLI binary (which can then be moved into your $PATH for use)
2. libaskgit.so - a shared object file SQLite extension that can be used by SQLite directly

Using Docker

Build an image locally using docker

docker build -t askgit:latest .

Or use an official image from docker hub

docker pull augmentable/askgit:latest

Running commands

askgit operates on a git repository. This repository needs to be attached as a volume. This example uses the (bash) built-in command pwd for the current working directory

[pwd] Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.

docker run --rm -v `pwd`:/repo:ro augmentable/askgit "SELECT * FROM commits"

Running commands from STDIN

For piping commands via STDIN, the docker command needs to be told to run non-interactively, as well as attaching the repository at /repo.

cat query.sql | docker run --rm -i -v `pwd`:/repo:ro augmentable/askgit

Public API

We maintain a free to use, public API for running queries (executed in an AWS Lambda function). See this page for more information.

Usage

askgit -h

Will output the most up to date usage instructions for your version of the CLI. Typically the first argument is a SQL query string:

askgit "SELECT * FROM commits"

Your current working directory will be used as the path to the git repository to query by default. Use the --repo flag to specify an alternate path, or even a remote repository reference (http(s) or ssh). askgit will clone the remote repository to a temporary directory before executing a query.

You can also pass a query in via stdin:

cat query.sql | askgit

By default, output will be an ASCII table. Use --format json or --format csv for alternatives. Use -v to print execution logs to stderr. This can be useful for understanding what API calls a query may be making, or similar runtime information. See -h for all the options.

Tables and Functions

To retrieve a table schema using the CLI, you can run:

PRAGMA table_info(<table-name>) -- replace <table-name>

askgit "PRAGMA table_info(commits)"

to see an output like:

+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| CID | NAME            | TYPE     | NOTNULL | DFLT_VALUE | PK |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 0   | hash            | TEXT     | 1       | NULL       | 1  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 1   | message         | TEXT     | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 2   | author_name     | TEXT     | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 3   | author_email    | TEXT     | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 4   | author_when     | DATETIME | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 5   | committer_name  | TEXT     | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 6   | committer_email | TEXT     | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 7   | committer_when  | DATETIME | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+
| 8   | parents         | INT      | 0       | NULL       | 0  |
+-----+-----------------+----------+---------+------------+----+

Local Git Repository

The following tables access a git repository in the current directory by default. If the --repo flag is specified, they will use the path provided there instead. A parameter (usually the first) can also be provided to any of the tables below to override the default repo path. For instance, SELECT * FROM commits('https://github.com/askgitdev/askgit') will clone this repo to a temporary directory on disk and return its commits.

commits

Similar to git log, the commits table includes all commits in the history of the currently checked out commit.

Column	Type
hash	TEXT
message	TEXT
author_name	TEXT
author_email	TEXT
author_when	DATETIME
committer_name	TEXT
committer_email	TEXT
committer_when	DATETIME
parents	INT

Params:

1. repository - path to a local (on disk) or remote (http(s)) repository
2. rev - return commits starting at this revision (i.e. branch name or SHA), defaults to HEAD

-- return all commits starting at HEAD
SELECT * FROM commits

-- specify an alternative repo on disk
SELECT * FROM commits('/some/path/to/repo')

-- clone a remote repo and use it
SELECT * FROM commits('https://github.com/askgitdev/askgit')

-- use the default repo, but provide an alternate branch
SELECT * FROM commits('', 'some-ref')

refs

Column	Type
name	TEXT
type	TEXT
remote	TEXT
full_name	TEXT
hash	TEXT
target	TEXT

Params:

1. repository - path to a local (on disk) or remote (http(s)) repository

stats

Column	Type
file_path	TEXT
additions	INT
deletions	INT

Params:

1. repository - path to a local (on disk) or remote (http(s)) repository
2. rev - commit hash (or branch/tag name) to use for retrieving stats, defaults to HEAD
3. to_rev - commit hash to calculate stats relative to

-- return stats of HEAD
SELECT * FROM stats

-- return stats of a specific commit
SELECT * FROM stats('', 'COMMIT_HASH')

-- return stats for every commit in the current history
SELECT commits.hash, stats.* FROM commits, stats('', commits.hash)

files

Column	Type
path	TEXT
executable	BOOL
contents	TEXT

Params:

1. repository - path to a local (on disk) or remote (http(s)) repository
2. rev - commit hash (or branch/tag name) to use for retrieving files in, defaults to HEAD

blame

Similar to git blame, the blame table includes blame information for all files in the current HEAD.

Column	Type
line_no	INT
commit_hash	TEXT

Params:

1. repository - path to a local (on disk) or remote (http(s)) repository
2. rev - commit hash (or branch/tag name) to use for retrieving blame information from, defaults to HEAD
3. file_path - path of file to blame

Utilities

grep

A table-valued function that searches text by line for a string match. Meant to behave somewhat similarly to the grep command line tool. The search time is a regular expression.

Column	Type
line_no	INT
line	TEXT

SELECT * FROM grep(<contents>, <search-term>, <before>, <after>)
SELECT * FROM grep(<contents>, <search-term>) -- before and after default to 0

Params:

1. contents - text to search in
2. search-term - search term (regular expression)

str_split

A table-valued function that splits string contents into rows based on a delimiter (default \n)

Column	Type
line_no	INT
line	TEXT

SELECT * FROM str_split(<contents>, <delimiter>)
SELECT * FROM str_split(<contents>) -- splits on new lines

Params:

1. contents - text to split
2. delimiter - delimiter to split on

JSON

The SQLite JSON1 extension is included for working with JSON data.

toml_to_json

Scalar function that converts toml to json.

SELECT toml_to_json('[some-toml]')

-- +-----------------------------+
-- | TOML_TO_JSON('[SOME-TOML]') |
-- +-----------------------------+
-- | {"some-toml":{}}            |
-- +-----------------------------+

xml_to_json

Scalar function that converts xml to json.

SELECT xml_to_json('<some-xml>hello</some-xml>')

-- +-------------------------------------------+
-- | XML_TO_JSON('<SOME-XML>HELLO</SOME-XML>') |
-- +-------------------------------------------+
-- | {"some-xml":"hello"}                      |
-- +-------------------------------------------+

yaml_to_json and yml_to_json

Scalar function that converts yaml to json.

SELECT yaml_to_json('hello: world')

-- +------------------------------+
-- | YAML_TO_JSON('HELLO: WORLD') |
-- +------------------------------+
-- | {"hello":"world"}            |
-- +------------------------------+

go_mod_to_json

Scalar function that parses a go.mod file and returns a JSON representation of it.

SELECT go_mod_to_json('<contents-of-go.mod-file>')

str_split

Helper for splitting strings on some separator.

SELECT str_split('hello,world', ',', 0)

-- +----------------------------------+
-- | STR_SPLIT('HELLO,WORLD', ',', 0) |
-- +----------------------------------+
-- | hello                            |
-- +----------------------------------+

SELECT str_split('hello,world', ',', 1)

-- +----------------------------------+
-- | STR_SPLIT('HELLO,WORLD', ',', 1) |
-- +----------------------------------+
-- | world                            |
-- +----------------------------------+

Enry Functions

Functions from the enry project are also available as SQL scalar functions

enry_detect_language

Supply a file path and some source code to detect the language.

SELECT enry_detect_language('some/path/to/file.go', '<contents of file>')

enry_is_binary

Given a blob, determine if it's a binary file or not (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_binary('<contents of file>')

enry_is_configuration

Detect whether a file path is to a configuration file (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_configuration('some/path/to/file/config.json')

enry_is_documentation

Detect whether a file path is to a documentation file (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_documentation('some/path/to/file/README.md')

enry_is_dot_file

Detect whether a file path is to a dot file (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_dot_file('some/path/to/file/.gitignore')

enry_is_generated

Detect whether a file path is generated (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_generated('some/path/to/file/generated.go', '<contents of file>')

enry_is_image

Detect whether a file path is to an image (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_image('some/path/to/file/image.png')

enry_is_test

Detect whether a file path is to a test file (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_test('some/path/to/file/image.png')

enry_is_vendor

Detect whether a file path is to a vendored file (returns 1 or 0).

SELECT enry_is_vendor('vendor/file.go')

GitHub API

You can use askgit to query the GitHub API (v4). Constraints in your SQL query are pushed to the GitHub API as much as possible. For instance, if your query includes an ORDER BY clause and if items can be ordered in the GitHub API response (on the specified column), your query can avoid doing a full table scan and rely on the ordering returned by the API.

Authenticating

You must provide an authentication token in order to use the GitHub API tables. You can create a personal access token following these instructions. askgit will look for a GITHUB_TOKEN environment variable when executing, to use for authentication. This is also true if running as a runtime loadable extension.

Rate Limiting

All API requests to GitHub are rate limited. The following tables make use of the GitHub GraphQL API (v4), which rate limits additionally based on the "complexity" of GraphQL queries. Generally speaking, the more fields/relations in your GraphQL query, the higher the "cost" of a single API request, and the faster you may reach a rate limit. Depending on your SQL query, it's hard to know ahead of time what a good client-side rate limit is. By default, each of the tables below will fetch 100 items per page and permit 2 API requests per second. You can override both of these parameters by setting the following environment variables:

1. GITHUB_PER_PAGE - expects an integer between 1 and 100, sets how many items are fetched per-page in API calls that paginate results.
2. GITHUB_RATE_LIMIT - expressed in the form (number of requests) / (number of seconds) (i.e. 1/3 means at most 1 request per 3 seconds)

If you encounter a rate limit error that looks like You have exceeded a secondary rate limit, consider setting the GITHUB_PER_PAGE value to a lower number. If you have a large number of items to scan in your query, it may take longer, but you should avoid hitting a rate limit error.

github_stargazers

Table-valued-function that returns a list of users who have starred a repository.

Column	Type
login	TEXT
email	TEXT
name	TEXT
bio	TEXT
company	TEXT
avatar_url	TEXT
created_at	DATETIME
updated_at	DATETIME
twitter	TEXT
website	TEXT
location	TEXT
starred_at	DATETIME

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo

SELECT * FROM github_stargazers('askgitdev', 'askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_stargazers('askgitdev/askgit'); -- both are equivalent

github_starred_repos

Table-valued-function that returns a list of repositories a user has starred.

Column	Type
name	TEXT
url	TEXT
description	TEXT
created_at	DATETIME
pushed_at	DATETIME
updated_at	DATETIME
stargazer_count	INT
name_with_owner	TEXT
starred_at	DATETIME

Params:

1. login - the login of a GitHub user

SELECT * FROM github_starred_repos('patrickdevivo')

github_stargazer_count

Scalar function that returns the number of stars a GitHub repository has.

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo

SELECT github_stargazer_count('askgitdev', 'askgit');
SELECT github_stargazer_count('askgitdev/askgit'); -- both are equivalent

github_user_repos and github_org_repos

Table-valued function that returns all the repositories belonging to a user or an organization.

Column	Type
created_at	DATETIME
database_id	INT
default_branch_ref_name	TEXT
default_branch_ref_prefix	TEXT
description	TEXT
disk_usage	INT
fork_count	INT
homepage_url	TEXT
is_archived	BOOLEAN
is_disabled	BOOLEAN
is_fork	BOOLEAN
is_mirror	BOOLEAN
is_private	BOOLEAN
issue_count	INT
latest_release_author	TEXT
latest_release_created_at	DATETIME
latest_release_name	TEXT
latest_release_published_at	DATETIME
license_key	TEXT
license_name	TEXT
name	TEXT
open_graph_image_url	TEXT
primary_language	TEXT
pull_request_count	INT
pushed_at	DATETIME
release_count	INT
stargazer_count	INT
topics	JSON
updated_at	DATETIME
watcher_count	INT

Params:

1. login - the login of a GitHub user or organization
2. affiliations - a comma-separated list of repository affiliations. Can be: OWNER, COLLABORATOR or ORGANIZATION_MEMBER

SELECT * FROM github_user_repos('patrickdevivo')
SELECT * FROM github_org_repos('askgitdev')
SELECT * FROM github_user_repos('patrickdevivo', 'OWNER')
SELECT * FROM github_org_repos('askgitdev', 'OWNER,COLLABORATOR')

github_repo_issues

Table-valued-function that returns all the issues of a GitHub repository.

Column	Type
owner	TEXT
reponame	TEXT
author_login	TEXT
body	TEXT
closed	BOOLEAN
closed_at	DATETIME
comment_count	INT
created_at	DATETIME
created_via_email	BOOLEAN
database_id	TEXT
editor_login	TEXT
includes_created_edit	BOOLEAN
label_count	INT
last_edited_at	DATETIME
locked	BOOLEAN
milestone_count	INT
number	INT
participant_count	INT
published_at	DATETIME
reaction_count	INT
state	TEXT
title	TEXT
updated_at	DATETIME
url	TEXT

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo

SELECT * FROM github_repo_issues('askgitdev/askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_repo_issues('askgitdev', 'askgit'); -- both are equivalent

github_repo_prs

Table-valued-function that returns all the pull requests of a GitHub repository.

Column	Type
additions	INT
author_login	TEXT
author_association	TEXT
base_ref_oid	TEXT
base_ref_name	TEXT
base_repository_name	TEXT
body	TEXT
changed_files	INT
closed	BOOLEAN
closed_at	DATETIME
comment_count	INT
commit_count	INT
created_at	TEXT
created_via_email	BOOLEAN
database_id	INT
deletions	INT
editor_login	TEXT
head_ref_name	TEXT
head_ref_oid	TEXT
head_repository_name	TEXT
is_draft	INT
label_count	INT
last_edited_at	DATETIME
locked	BOOLEAN
maintainer_can_modify	BOOLEAN
mergeable	TEXT
merged	BOOLEAN
merged_at	DATETIME
merged_by	TEXT
number	INT
participant_count	INT
published_at	DATETIME
review_decision	TEXT
state	TEXT
title	TEXT
updated_at	DATETIME
url	TEXT

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo

SELECT * FROM github_repo_prs('askgitdev/askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_repo_prs('askgitdev', 'askgit'); -- both are equivalent

github_repo_branch_protections

Table-valued-function that returns all the branch protection rules set on a GitHub repository (requires GitHub access token to have admin privileges).

Column	Type
allow_deletions	BOOLEAN
allows_force_pushes	BOOLEAN
creator_login	TEXT
database_id	INT
dismisses_stale_reviews	BOOLEAN
is_admin_enforced	BOOLEAN
pattern	TEXT
required_approving_review_count	INT
required_status_check_contexts	BOOLEAN
requires_approving_reviews	DATETIME
requires_code_owners_reviews	BOOLEAN
requires_commit_signature	BOOLEAN
requires_conversation_resolution	BOOLEAN
requires_linear_history	BOOLEAN
requires_status_checks	BOOLEAN
requires_strict_status_checks	BOOLEAN
restricts_pushes	BOOLEAN
restricts_review_dismissal	BOOLEAN

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo

SELECT * FROM github_repo_branch_protections('askgitdev/askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_repo_branch_protections('askgitdev', 'askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_branch_protections('askgitdev/askgit');
SELECT * FROM github_branch_protections('askgitdev', 'askgit'); -- all are equivalent

github_repo_file_content

Scalar function that returns the contents of a file in a GitHub repository

Params:

1. fullNameOrOwner - either the full repo name askgitdev/askgit or just the owner askgitdev (which would require the second argument)
2. name - optional if the first argument is a "full" name, otherwise required - the name of the repo
3. expression - either a simple file path (README.md) or a rev-parse suitable expression that includes a path (HEAD:README.md or <some-sha>:README.md)

SELECT github_stargazer_count('askgitdev', 'askgit', 'README.md');
SELECT github_stargazer_count('askgitdev/askgit', 'README.md'); -- both are equivalent

Sourcegraph API (experimental!)

You can use askgit to query the Sourcegraph API.

Authenticating

You must provide an authentication token in order to use the Sourcegraph API tables. You can create a personal access token following these instructions. askgit will look for a SOURCEGRAPH_TOKEN environment variable when executing, to use for authentication. This is also true if running as a runtime loadable extension.

sourcegraph_search

Table-valued-function that returns results from a Sourcegraph search.

Column	Type
__typename	TEXT
results	TEXT

__typename will be one of Repository, CommitSearchResult, or FileMatch. results will be the JSON value of a search result (will match what's returned from the API)

Params:

1. query - a sourcegraph search query (docs)

SELECT sourcegraph_search('askgit');

NPM Registry

askgit can also query the NPM registry API.

npm_get_package

Scalar function that queries https://registry.npmjs.org/<<packageName>> or https://registry.npmjs.org/<<packageName>>/<<version>> (depending on number of params) and returns the JSON response.

Params:

1. package - name of the NPM package
2. version - (optional) package version

SELECT npm_get_package('jquery')
SELECT npm_get_package('jquery', 'latest')

Example Queries

This will return all commits in the history of the currently checked out branch/commit of the repo.

SELECT * FROM commits

Return the (de-duplicated) email addresses of commit authors:

SELECT DISTINCT author_email FROM commits

Return the commit counts of every author (by email):

SELECT author_email, count(*) FROM commits GROUP BY author_email ORDER BY count(*) DESC

Same as above, but excluding merge commits:

SELECT author_email, count(*) FROM commits WHERE parents < 2 GROUP BY author_email ORDER BY count(*) DESC

Outputs the set of files in the current tree:

SELECT * FROM files

Returns author emails with lines added/removed, ordered by total number of commits in the history (excluding merges):

SELECT count(DISTINCT commits.hash) AS commits, SUM(additions) AS additions, SUM(deletions) AS deletions, author_email
FROM commits LEFT JOIN stats('', commits.hash)
WHERE commits.parents < 2
GROUP BY author_email ORDER BY commits

Returns commit counts by author, broken out by day of the week:

SELECT
    count(*) AS commits,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='0' THEN 1 END) AS sunday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='1' THEN 1 END) AS monday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='2' THEN 1 END) AS tuesday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='3' THEN 1 END) AS wednesday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='4' THEN 1 END) AS thursday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='5' THEN 1 END) AS friday,
    count(CASE WHEN strftime('%w',author_when)='6' THEN 1 END) AS saturday,
    author_email
FROM commits GROUP BY author_email ORDER BY commits

Exporting

You can use the askgit export sub command to save the output of queries into a sqlite database file. The command expects a path to a db file (which will be created if it doesn't already exist) and a variable number of "export pairs," specified by the -e flag. Each pair represents the name of a table to create and a query to generate its contents.

askgit export my-export-file -e commits -e "SELECT * FROM commits" -e files -e "SELECT * FROM files"

This can be useful if you're looking to use another tool to examine the data emitted by askgit. Since the exported file is a plain SQLite database, queries should be much faster (as the original git repository is no longer traversed) and you should be able to use any tool that supports querying SQLite database files.