ouroboros

package module
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 Go to latest Published: May 18, 2024 License: AGPL-3.0 Imports: 8 Imported by: 0

README

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⚠️ This Project is still in development and not ready for production use. ⚠️

OuroborosDB

A embedded database built around the concept of event trees, emphasizing data deduplication and data integrity checks. By structuring data into event trees, OuroborosDB ensures efficient and intuitive data management. Key features include:

  • Data Deduplication: Eliminates redundant data through efficient chunking and hashing mechanisms.
  • Data Integrity Checks: Uses SHA-512 hashes to verify the integrity of stored data.
  • Event-Based Architecture: Organizes data hierarchically for easy retrieval and management.
  • Scalable Concurrent Processing: Optimized for concurrent processing to handle large-scale data.
  • Log Management and Indexing: Provides efficient logging and indexing for performance monitoring.
  • Non-Deletable Events: Once stored, events cannot be deleted or altered, ensuring the immutability and auditability of the data.
  • (To be implemented) Temporary Events: Allows the creation of temporary events that can be marked as temporary and safely cleaned up later for short-term data storage needs.

Table of Contents

Installation

OuroborosDB requires Go 1.21.5+

go get -u github.com/i5heu/OuroborosDB

Usage

Initialization

OuroborosDB can be initialized with a configuration struct that includes paths for storage and other settings.

import "OuroborosDB"

func initializeDB() *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB {
    db, err := OuroborosDB.NewOuroborosDB(OuroborosDB.Config{
        Paths:                     []string{"./data/storage"},
        MinimumFreeGB:             1,
        GarbageCollectionInterval: 10, // Minutes
    })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to initialize OuroborosDB: %v", err)
    }
    return db
}
Storing Files

Files can be stored within events using the StoreFile method.

import (
    "OuroborosDB/internal/storage"
    "OuroborosDB"
)

func storeFile(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, parentEvent storage.Event) storage.Event {
    fileContent := []byte("This is a sample file content")
    metadata := []byte("sample.txt")

    event, err := db.DB.StoreFile(storage.StoreFileOptions{
        EventToAppendTo: parentEvent,
        Metadata:        metadata,
        File:            fileContent,
    })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to store file: %v", err)
    }
    return event
}
Retrieving Files

Files can be retrieved by providing the event from which they were stored.

func retrieveFile(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, event storage.Event) []byte {
    content, err := db.DB.GetFile(event)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to retrieve file: %v", err)
    }
    return content
}
Event Tree Management
Creating Root Event

Create a root event to represent the top level of an event tree.

func createRootEvent(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, title string) storage.Event {
    rootEvent, err := db.DB.CreateRootEvent(title)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to create root event: %v", err)
    }
    return rootEvent
}
Fetching Root Events by Title
func getRootEventsByTitle(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, title string) []storage.Event {
    events, err := db.DB.GetRootEventsWithTitle(title)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to fetch root events by title: %v", err)
    }
    return events
}
Creating Child Events
func createChildEvent(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, parentEvent storage.Event) storage.Event {
    childEvent, err := db.DB.CreateNewEvent(storage.EventOptions{
        HashOfParentEvent: parentEvent.EventHash,
    })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to create child event: %v", err)
    }
    return childEvent
}
Fetching Child Events
func getChildEvents(db *OuroborosDB.OuroborosDB, parentEvent storage.Event) []storage.Event {
    children, err := db.Index.GetDirectChildrenOfEvent(parentEvent.EventHash)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("Failed to fetch child events: %v", err)
    }
    return children
}

Testing

  go test ./...

Benchmarking

Benchmark current state of the codebase
  go test -run='^$' -bench=.
Benchmark Versions

Works with committed changes and version/commits that are reachable by git checkout.
You also need to have installed benchstat to compare the benchmarks, install it with go get golang.org/x/perf/cmd/benchstat@latest

  # add versions to bench.sh
  bash bench.sh
  # Now look in benchmarks/combined_benchmarks_comparison to see the results

OuroborosDB Performance Version Differences

goos: linux
goarch: amd64
pkg: github.com/i5heu/ouroboros-db
cpu: AMD Ryzen 9 5900X 12-Core Processor            
                                                                              │ benchmarks/v0.0.5.txt │       benchmarks/v0.0.8.txt        │          benchmarks/main.txt          │
                                                                              │        sec/op         │    sec/op     vs base              │    sec/op     vs base                 │
_setupDBWithData/RebuildIndex-24                                                         414.3m ± 12%   423.4m ±  7%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)
_Index_RebuildingIndex/RebuildIndex-24                                                   14.85m ± 22%   13.29m ± 30%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)   17.83m ± 12%  +20.06% (p=0.015 n=6)
_Index_GetDirectChildrenOfEvent/GetChildrenOfEvent-24                                    2.408µ ± 11%   2.472µ ±  9%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)   2.288µ ± 11%        ~ (p=0.180 n=6)
_Index_GetChildrenHashesOfEvent/GetChildrenHashesOfEvent-24                              38.81n ±  6%   40.58n ±  9%       ~ (p=0.071 n=6)   38.48n ±  6%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
_DB_StoreFile/StoreFile-24                                                               109.0µ ±  8%   103.5µ ± 14%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)   106.0µ ± 13%        ~ (p=0.132 n=6)
_DB_GetFile/GetFile-24                                                                   2.338µ ±  4%   2.374µ ±  6%       ~ (p=0.394 n=6)   2.323µ ±  5%        ~ (p=0.619 n=6)
_DB_GetEvent/GetEvent-24                                                                 3.186µ ± 12%   3.274µ ±  6%       ~ (p=0.485 n=6)   3.228µ ±  8%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
_DB_GetMetadata/GetMetadata-24                                                           2.547µ ± 14%   2.532µ ± 13%       ~ (p=0.818 n=6)   2.531µ ±  7%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
_DB_GetAllRootEvents/GetAllRootEvents-24                                                 11.17m ± 13%   10.88m ± 17%       ~ (p=0.699 n=6)   11.26m ± 11%        ~ (p=0.937 n=6)
_DB_GetRootIndex/GetRootIndex-24                                                         1.479m ± 10%   1.488m ±  3%       ~ (p=0.589 n=6)   1.428m ± 13%        ~ (p=0.699 n=6)
_DB_GetRootEventsWithTitle/GetRootEventsWithTitle-24                                     6.123µ ±  8%   6.469µ ± 14%       ~ (p=0.310 n=6)   6.533µ ±  9%        ~ (p=0.093 n=6)
_DB_CreateRootEvent/CreateRootEvent-24                                                   83.08µ ± 14%   80.44µ ± 13%       ~ (p=0.937 n=6)   89.10µ ± 18%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
_DB_CreateNewEvent/CreateNewEvent-24                                                     26.78µ ± 22%   28.04µ ± 13%       ~ (p=1.000 n=6)   29.43µ ± 10%        ~ (p=0.394 n=6)
_setupDBWithData/setupDBWithData-24                                                                                                          442.0m ±  7%
_DB_fastMeta/CreateNewEvent_with_FastMeta-24                                                                                                 28.64µ ± 13%
_DB_fastMeta/GetEvent_with_FastMeta-24                                                                                                       3.281µ ± 17%
_Index_GetParentHashOfEvent/GetParentHashOfEvent-24                                                                                          44.01n ± 12%
_Index_RebuildIFastMeta/RebuildFastMeta-24                                                                                                   596.8µ ±  8%
_Index_GetEventHashesByFastMetaParameter/GetEventHashesByFastMetaParameter-24                                                                40.20n ± 13%
_Index_GetEventsByFastMeta/GetEventsByFastMeta-24                                                                                            2.014m ± 10%
geomean                                                                                  63.40µ         63.47µ        +0.11%                 33.13µ         +2.51%               ¹
¹ benchmark set differs from baseline; geomeans may not be comparable

OuroborosDB Performance Changelog

  • v0.0.14 - Major refactor of the Event type and introduction of FastMeta which should speed up search
  • v0.0.3 - Switch from gob to protobuf for serialization
  • v0.0.2 - Create tests and benchmarks

Current Features

  • Data Deduplication
  • Basic Data Store and Retrieval
  • Data Integrity Checks
  • Child to Parent Index

Future Features

  • Full Text Search
  • Is the deletion of not Temporary Events a good idea?
    • Maybe if only some superUser can delete them with a key or something.
  • It would be nice to have pipelines that can run custom JS or webassembly to do arbitrary things.
    • With http routing we could build a webserver that can run inside a "pipeline" in the database. sksksk
    • They should be usable as scraper or time or event based notificators.
    • Like if this event gets a child recursively, upload this tree to a server.
      • this would need a virtual folder structure that is represented in an event.
      • with this we could also build a webdav server that can be used to access parts of the database.

Current Problems and things to research:

  • Garbage Collection would delete Chunks that in the process of being used in a new event
  • Deletion of Temporary Events is not yet discovered
  • We have EventChilds that are used as either
    • A Item in the "category" of the Event
    • New Information that replaces it's Parent
    • Changes to the Parent (think patches)
      We need to reflect this in the Event Structure to lower chunk lookups
      If we implement a potential DeltaEvent, we need to provide tooling for it.
      • is it like git where we have a diff of the file?
      • is it a new file that replaces the old one?
      • we already have the chunk system in place. But this seams to not be suitable for text files - so we would need a text based delta event?

The name "OuroborosDB" is derived from the ancient symbol "Ouroboros," a representation of cyclical events, continuity, and endless return. Historically, it's been a potent symbol across various cultures, signifying the eternal cycle of life, death, and rebirth. In the context of this database, the Ouroboros symbolizes the perpetual preservation and renewal of data. While the traditional Ouroboros depicts a serpent consuming its tail, our version deviates, hinting at both reverence for historical cycles and the importance of continuous adaptation in the face of change.

License

OuroborosDB (c) 2024 Mia Heidenstedt and contributors

SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

Documentation

Overview

!! Currently the database is in a very early stage of development and should not be used in production environments. !!

A embedded database built around the concept of event trees, emphasizing data deduplication and data integrity checks. By structuring data into event trees, OuroborosDB ensures efficient and intuitive data management. Key features include:

  • Data Deduplication: Eliminates redundant data through efficient chunking and hashing mechanisms.
  • Data Integrity Checks: Uses SHA-512 hashes to verify the integrity of stored data.
  • Event-Based Architecture: Organizes data hierarchically for easy retrieval and management.
  • Scalable Concurrent Processing: Optimized for concurrent processing to handle large-scale data.
  • Log Management and Indexing: Provides efficient logging and indexing for performance monitoring.
  • Non-Deletable Events: Once stored, events cannot be deleted or altered, ensuring the immutability and auditability of the data.
  • (To be implemented) Temporary Events: Allows the creation of temporary events that can be marked as temporary and safely cleaned up later for short-term data storage needs.

There are in the moment two main components in the database

  • storage: The storage component, which is responsible for storing the data on the disk.
  • index: The index component, which is responsible for creating indexes in RAM for faster acces.
Example 
// Initialize OuroborosDB with basic configuration
ou, err := ouroboros.NewOuroborosDB(ouroboros.Config{
	Paths:                     []string{"ExamplePath/" + time.Now().String()}, // Directory for data storage
	MinimumFreeGB:             1,                                              // Minimum free space in GB
	GarbageCollectionInterval: 10,                                             // GC interval in seconds
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to initialize OuroborosDB: %s", err))
}
defer ou.Close()

// Ensure index is rebuilt for data integrity
if _, err := ou.Index.RebuildIndex(); err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error rebuilding index: %s", err))
}

uniqueNameBypass := time.Now().String()

// Create a root event titled "ExampleRoot"
rootEvent, err := ou.DB.CreateRootEvent("ExampleRoot" + uniqueNameBypass)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error creating root event: %s", err))
}
fmt.Printf("Created root event")

// Create a child event under the "ExampleRoot" event
_, err = ou.DB.CreateNewEvent(storage.EventOptions{
	ParentEvent: rootEvent.EventHash,
})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error creating child event: %s", err))
}
fmt.Printf("Created child event\n")

// Rebuild index after creating the events
if _, err := ou.Index.RebuildIndex(); err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error rebuilding index: %s", err))
}

// Retrieve root events with the title "ExampleRoot"
rootEvents, err := ou.DB.GetRootEventsWithTitle("ExampleRoot" + uniqueNameBypass)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error retrieving root events: %s", err))
}
for range rootEvents {
	fmt.Printf("Retrieved root event\n")
}

// Retrieve direct children of the "ExampleRoot" event
children, err := ou.Index.GetDirectChildrenOfEvent(rootEvent.EventHash)
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(fmt.Sprintf("Error retrieving children of root event: %s", err))
}
for range children {
	fmt.Printf("Retrieved child event\n")
}

Output:

Index

Examples

Constants

This section is empty.

Variables

This section is empty.

Functions

This section is empty.

Types

type Config 

type Config struct {
	Paths                     []string // Paths to store the data, currently only the first path is used
	MinimumFreeGB             int
	GarbageCollectionInterval time.Duration
	Logger                    *logrus.Logger
}

type OuroborosDB 

type OuroborosDB struct {
	DB    storage.StorageService
	Index *index.Index
	// contains filtered or unexported fields
}

func NewOuroborosDB added in v0.0.10 

func NewOuroborosDB(conf Config) (*OuroborosDB, error)

NewOuroborosDB creates a new OuroborosDB instance.

  • It returns an error if the initialization fails.
  • Use DB or Index to interact with the database.
  • Index is only RAM based and will be lost after a restart.
  • DB is persistent.

func (*OuroborosDB) Close 

func (ou *OuroborosDB) Close()

Close closes the database It is important to call this function before the program exits. Use it like this: 

ou, err := ouroboros.NewOuroborosDB(ouroboros.Config{Paths: []string{"./data"}})
if err != nil {
	log.Fatal(err)
}
defer ou.Close()

Source Files

View all Source files

Directories

Path Synopsis
internal
binaryCoder
config
keyValStore
protoFastMeta
pkg
buzhashChunker
index
mocks
storage
types

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